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1 применять патент
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > применять патент
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2 патент
* * *пате́нт м.
patentаннули́ровать пате́нт — cancel [revoke] a patentвозобновля́ть пате́нт — reinstate a patentвыдава́ть пате́нт — grant [issue] a patentвыдава́ть заменя́ющий пате́нт — re-issue a patentпате́нт закрепля́ет за патентооблада́телем исключи́тельное пра́во на изобрете́ние — a patent confers the right to the patent holder to exclude others from using his invention; a patent is the grant to its owner of the right to exclude others from the use of his inventionиспо́льзовать [применя́ть] пате́нт — practise a patentлиша́ться пате́нта — forfeit a patentпате́нт на — a patent for [on]наруша́ть пате́нт — violate a patentожида́ется вы́дача пате́нта ( заявка на патент подана в такой-то стране) — the patent is pending (in such-and-such country)оспа́ривать пате́нт — contest a patentотка́зывать в вы́даче пате́нта — withhold a patent, withhold patent grantотка́зываться от пате́нта — abandon [drop] a patentотменя́ть пате́нт — cancel [revoke] a patentохраня́ться пате́нтом — be covered by patentподава́ть зая́вку на пате́нт — apply for a patentполуча́ть пате́нт на … — take out a patent for …признава́ть пате́нт недействи́тельным — invalidate a patentпродава́ть (пра́во на) пате́нт — vend a patentсрок де́йствия пате́нта истё́к — the patent has expired, the patent has lapsedпате́нт утра́тил си́лу за истече́нием сро́ка — the patent has expired [has lapsed, has ceased]пате́нт явля́ется де́йствующим — the patent is in force -
3 патент
м. patentпатент закрепляет за патентообладателем исключительное право на изобретение — a patent confers the right to the patent holder to exclude others from using his invention; a patent is the grant to its owner of the right to exclude others from the use of his invention
получать патент на … — take out a patent for …
описание патента; содержание патента — patent specification
«зонтичный» патент, широкоохватный патент — umbrella patent
отмена патента; аннулирование патента — repeal of a patent
патент на изделие; патент на вещество — product patent
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4 использовать патент
1) Economy: practise a patent, use a patent2) Business: work a patentУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > использовать патент
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5 Patentantrag
Patentantrag
patent application;
• abgeänderter Patentantrag memorandum of alteration;
• Patentantrag einreichen to file an application for a patent;
• zugelassener Patentanwalt patent lawyer, chartered patent agent (Br.), patent attorney (US);
• als Patentanwalt zugelassen sein to be recognized to practise before the patent office;
• Patentanwaltsbüro, Patentanwaltskanzlei patent law firm;
• Patentanwaltskammer [Chartered] Institute of Patent Agents (Br.);
• Patentaufhebung revocation (cancellation) of a patent;
• unterlassene Patentausnutzung non-user of a patent;
• Patentaustausch cross licensing of patents;
• Patentaustauschvertrag patent exchange contract, cross licensing agreement;
• Patentbeamter examiner (US);
• Patentbeendigung cesser;
• missbräuchliche Patentbenutzung abuse of a patent;
• Patentberechtigter claimant for a patent;
• Patentberichtigung amendment of a patent, disclaimer;
• Patentberufungsgericht Patent Appeal Tribunal (Br.);
• Patentbeschreibung patent specification (description);
• genaue Patentbeschreibung disclosure;
• Patentbesitz patent property;
• Patentbewerber applicant for a patent;
• Patentblatt Patent Office Journal;
• Patentdauer patent’s life, life (duration) of a patent;
• Patentdiebstahl piracy of a patent;
• Patenteinkünfte haben to derive benefits from a patent;
• Patenteinspruch patent appeal, interference, opposition to a patent, (gegen Patenterneuerung) caveat;
• Patenteinziehung revocation of a patent;
• Patententschädigungsamt Patent Compensation Board (US);
• Patenterneuerung renewal of a patent;
• Patenterneuerungsgebühr patent annuity;
• Patenterschleichung surreptitious obtainment of a patent;
• Patenterteilung grant (granting, issue, issuance, US) of a patent;
• verweigerte Patenterteilung patent barred;
• Patenterteilung ablehnen to refuse a patent;
• Patenterträgnisse royalties on patents;
• vereinnahmte Patenterträgnisse patent royalties received;
• Patenterwerb purchase of a patent;
• Patenterwerbskosten cost of patent right. -
6 Page, Charles Grafton
[br]b. 25 January 1812 Salem, Massachusetts, USAd. 5 May 1868 Washington, DC, USA[br]American scientist and inventor of electric motors.[br]Page graduated from Harvard in 1832 and subsequently attended Boston Medical School. He began to practise in Salem and also engaged in experimental research in electricity, discovering the improvement effected by substituting bundles of iron wire for solid bars in induction coils. He also created a device which he termed a Dynamic Multiplier, the prototype of the auto-transformer. Following a period in medical practice in Virginia, in 1841 he became one of the first two principal examiners in the United States Patent Office. He also held the Chair of Chemistry and Pharmacy at Columbian College, later George Washington University, between 1844 and 1849.A prolific inventor, Page completed several large electric motors in which reciprocating action was converted to rotary motion, and invested an extravagant sum of public money in a foredoomed effort to develop a 10-ton electric locomotive powered by primary batteries. This was unsuccessfully demonstrated in April 1851 on the Washington-Baltimore railway and seriously damaged his reputation. Page approached Thomas Davenport with an offer of partnership, but Davenport refused.After leaving the Patent Office in 1852 he became a patentee himself and advocated the reform of the patent procedures. Page returned to the Patent Office in 1861, and later persuaded Congress to pass a special Act permitting him to patent the induction coil. This was the cause, after his death, of protracted and widely publicized litigation.[br]Bibliography1867, History of Induction: The American Claim to the Induction Coil and itsElectrostatic Developments, Washington, DC.Further ReadingR.C.Post, 1976, Physics, Patents and Politics, New York (a biography which treats Page as a focal point for studying the American patent system).——1976, "Stray sparks from the induction coil: the Volta prize and the Page patent", Proceedings of the Institute of Electrical Engineers 64: 1,279–86 (a short account).W.J.King, 1962, The Development of Electrical Technology in the 19th Century, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution, Paper 28.GW -
7 Patentamt
Patentamt n PAT, RECHT patent office* * *n <Patent, Recht> patent office* * *Patentamt
Patent Office, Controller of Patents, Designs and Trademarks (Br.), Commissioner of Patents (US);
• Internationales Patentamt International Patent Office at the Hague;
• beim Patentamt als Anwalt zugelassen sein to be recognized to practise before the Patent Office. -
8 Anwalt
Anwalt m 1. GEN advocate; 2. RECHT (AE) attorney, (BE) barrister, legal counsel, (AE) practicing lawyer, (BE) practising lawyer, (BE) solicitor (Bevollmächtigter) • jmdn. als Anwalt zulassen RECHT (AE) admit sb to the bar, (BE) call sb to the bar* * *m 1. < Geschäft> advocate; 2. < Recht> Bevollmächtigter attorney (AE), barrister (BE), legal counsel, practicing lawyer (AE), practising lawyer (BE), solicitor (BE) ■ jmdn. als Anwalt zulassen < Recht> admit sb to the bar (AE), call sb to the bar (BE)* * *Anwalt
lawyer, solicitor (Br.), attorney at law (US), law agent (Scot.), (im Prozess) pleader, barrister-at-law (Br.), counsel (Br.), counsellor [at-law] (US);
• mit der ständigen Vertretung beauftragter Anwalt standing counsel (Br.);
• beratender Anwalt special pleader, counsel in chambers (Br.), chamber counsel (Br.), consulting barrister (Br.), office lawyer (US);
• bewährter Anwalt experienced lawyer;
• erfolgreicher Anwalt budding lawyer;
• als Treuhänder fungierender Anwalt solicitor-trustee (Br.);
• gegnerischer Anwalt opposing counsel (Br.);
• klägerischer Anwalt counsel for the plaintiff (Br.), plaintiff’s solicitor;
• plädierender Anwalt barrister (Br.);
• auf Arbeitsrecht spezialisierter Anwalt labo(u)r-relations attorney;
• auf Gesellschaftsrecht spezialisierter Anwalt corporation lawyer (US);
• auf Immobilienrecht spezialisierter Anwalt property (real-estate) lawyer;
• versierter Anwalt full-blown (-fledged) lawyer (barrister);
• zugelassener Anwalt authorized counsellor (US);
• Anwalt des Klägers plaintiff’s counsel (Br.);
• Anwalt für Steuersachen tax lawyer (attorney, US);
• Anwalt beim Verfahren zur Strafzumessung (in der Straffestlegungsphase) Keenan counsel (US);
• Anwalt beauftragen to instruct an attorney (US);
• sich mit seinem Anwalt beraten to confer with one’s counsel (Br.);
• laufend einen Anwalt beschäftigen to employ a solicitor (Br.), to retain a lawyer;
• Anwalt zur laufenden Beratung engagieren to retain a counsel (Br.) (lawyer);
• seinem Anwalt Weisungen erteilen to brief (instruct) one’s lawyer;
• sich als Anwalt einen Namen machen to establish one’s reputation as a lawyer;
• sich einen Anwalt nehmen to retain (brief) a barrister (counsel) (Br.), to engage the services of a lawyer, to hire an attorney (US);
• vollbeschäftigter Anwalt sein to have plenty of briefs;
• durch einen Anwalt vertreten sein to be represented by counsel (Br.);
• als Anwalt beim Patentamt zugelassen sein to be recognized to practise before the Patent Office (US);
• jem. einen Anwalt stellen to provide s. o. with an attorney (US);
• Angelegenheit einem Anwalt übergeben (übertragen) to put a matter in the hands of a lawyer;
• Anwalt zurate ziehen to call in the aid of an attorney (US);
• als Anwalt zulassen to admit a solicitor (Br.);
• Anwalt zuziehen to consult a solicitor (Br.) (an attorney, US), to employ a counsel (Br.).
bemühen, Anwalt
to consult a lawyer;
• sich um Aufträge bemühen to canvass orders;
• sich um Auslandshilfe bemühen to scramble for aid;
• sich intensiv um Kunden bemühen to rub shoulders with clients;
• sich um seine Kundschaft bemühen to solicit one’s custom;
• sich persönlich bemühen to apply in person;
• sich ernsthaft um eine Stellung bemühen to try hard for a job;
• sich um einen Submissionsvertrag bemühen to tender for a supply of goods. -
9 ausnutzen
ausnutzen v 1. GEN exploit, utilize, take advantage of; 2. PAT work; 3. PERS exploit* * *v 1. < Geschäft> exploit, utilize, take advantage of; 2. < Patent> work; 3. < Person> exploit* * *ausnutzen
to make use of, to utilize, (Arbeiter) to sweat, (Bergwerk) to exploit, (profitieren) to turn to account, to make profit of;
• j. ausnutzen to sponge on s. o. (fam.), to make a convenience of s. o.;
• Betriebsanlagen ausnutzen to operate facilities, to utilize plant capacities;
• jds. Leichtgläubigkeit ausnutzen to practise upon s. one’s credulity;
• Monopolstellung ausnutzen to discriminate a monopoly;
• rationell ausnutzen to utilize effectively;
• Skonto ausnutzen to take cash discount;
• seine gesellschaftliche Stellung ausnutzen to pull one’s rank (sl.);
• in sittenwidriger Weise ausnutzen to take undue advantage. -
10 Zulassung
Zulassung f 1. GEN admission, admittance, approval; 2. PAT (BE) licence, (AE) license (eines Patents); 3. RECHT license, permit; admission (als Anwalt); registration (motor vehicles, Kfz; drugs, Arzneimittel); 4. BÖRSE listing (Wertpapiere) • mit einzelstaatlicher Zulassung BANK, RECHT (AE) with state charter (chartered and regulated at state level; opposite: federally chartered = mit Bundeskonzession zugelassene Bank; US-banking)* * *f 1. < Geschäft> admission, admittance, approval; 2. < Patent> eines Patents licence (BE), license (AE) ; 3. < Recht> license, permit als Anwalt admission motor vehicles registration ■ mit einzelstaatlicher Zulassung <Bank, Recht> US-banking with state charter (AE) (chartered and regulated at state level ; opposite: federally chartered = mit Bundeskonzession zugelassene Bank)* * *Zulassung
(Auto) registration, (Börse) quotation, listing (US), (Genehmigung) allowance, permit, (Konzession) licence, approval, charter, permit, permission, concession, allowance, (Zugeständnis) admission, (Zutritt) entrance;
• aufgrund einer Zulassung under a licence;
• ärztliche Zulassung licence to practise as a doctor;
• bauaufsichtliche Zulassung building permit (licence);
• Zulassung zur Anwaltschaft (zum Anwaltsberuf) admission as solicitor (Br.) (attorney, US, to the bar);
• Zulassung der Berufung leave to appeal;
• [offizielle] Zulassung zum Börsenhandel official quotation (listing, US), admittance for quotation on the stock exchange;
• Zulassung von Effekten admission of securities;
• Zulassung zum Geschäftsbetrieb letters of business (Br.), commercial privilege, licence to operate;
• Zulassung eines Kraftfahrzeuges licensing of a motor vehicle, new-car registration;
• Zulassung für Personenbeförderung passenger certificate;
• Zulassung von Personenkraftwagen passenger-car registration;
• Zulassung der Presse admission of the press;
• Zulassung eines bestimmten Produkts auf seinem Markt allowing a certain product onto its market;
• Zulassung zur zollfreien Wiedereinfuhr duty-free admission;
• Zulassung beantragen to apply for a licence (concession), to seek admission;
• Zulassung zur Börse beantragen to apply for official quotation (Br.), to qualify with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (US);
• Zulassung eines neuen Produkts blockieren to block authorisation of a new product;
• Zulassung entziehen to revoke a licence;
• sich eine Zulassung erschleichen to obtain a licence under false pretences;
• um Zulassung nachkommen to apply for permission;
• um Zulassung nachsuchen to seek admission;
• Zulassung widerrufen (zurückziehen) to revoke a licence. -
11 als Anwalt beim Patentamt zugelassen sein
als Anwalt beim Patentamt zugelassen sein
to be recognized to practise before the Patent Office (US)Business german-english dictionary > als Anwalt beim Patentamt zugelassen sein
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12 als Patentanwalt zugelassen sein
als Patentanwalt zugelassen sein
to be recognized to practise before the patent officeBusiness german-english dictionary > als Patentanwalt zugelassen sein
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13 beim Patentamt als Anwalt zugelassen sein
beim Patentamt als Anwalt zugelassen sein
to be recognized to practise before the Patent Office.Business german-english dictionary > beim Patentamt als Anwalt zugelassen sein
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14 nosco
nosco, nōvi, nōtum, 3 (old form, GNOSCO, GNOVI, GNOTVM, acc. to Prisc. p. 569 P.; inf. pass. GNOSCIER, S. C. de Bacch.; cf. GNOTV, cognitu, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.: GNOT (contr. for gnovit) oiden, epiginôskei; GNOTV, gnôsin, diagnôsin, Gloss. Labb.—Contr. forms in class. Lat. are nosti, noram, norim. nosse; nomus for novimus: nomus ambo Ulixem, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P., or Trag. v. 199 Vahl.), v. a. [for gnosco, from the root gno; Gr. gignôskô, to begin to know], to get a knowledge of, become acquainted with, come to know a thing (syn.: scio, calleo).I.Lit.1. (α).Tempp. praes.:(β).cum igitur, nosce te, dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 52: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58; cf.: Ch. Nosce signum. Ni. Novi, id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19; id. Poen. 4, 2, 71:(Juppiter) nos per gentes alium alia disparat, Hominum qui facta, mores, pietatem et fidem noscamus,
id. Rud. prol. 12; id. Stich. 1, 1, 4:id esse verum, cuivis facile est noscere,
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 8:ut noscere possis quidque,
Lucr. 1, 190; 2, 832; 3, 124; 418; 588; Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64: deus ille, quem mente noscimus, id. N. D. 1, 14, 37.— Pass.:EAM (tabulam) FIGIER IOVBEATIS, VBEI FACILVMED GNOSCIER POTISIT, S. C. de Bacch.: forma in tenebris nosci non quita est, Ter Hec. 4, 1, 57 sq.: omnes philosophiae partes tum facile noscuntur, cum, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 1, 4, 9: philosophiae praecepta noscenda, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 14:nullique videnda, Voce tamen noscar,
Ov. M. 14, 153:nec noscitur ulli,
by any one, id. Tr. 1, 5, 29:noscere provinciam, nosci exercitui,
by the army, Tac. Agr. 5.—Temppperf., to have become acquainted with, to have learned, to know:2.si me novisti minus,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 47:Cylindrus ego sum, non nosti nomen meum?
id. Men. 2, 2, 20:novi rem omnem,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 50:qui non leges, non instituta... non jura noritis,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30:plerique neque in rebus humanis quidquam bonum norunt, nisi, etc.,
id. Lael. 21, 79:quam (virtutem) tu ne de facie quidem nosti,
id. Pis. 32, 81; id. Fin. 2, 22, 71:si ego hos bene novi,
if I know them well, id. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.: si Caesarem bene novi, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 2:Lepidum pulchre noram,
Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 1:si tuos digitos novi,
id. Att. 5, 21, 13:res gestas de libris novisse,
to have learned from books, Lact. 5, 19, 15:nosse Graece, etc. (late Lat. for scire),
Aug. Serm. 45, 5; 167, 40 al.:ut ibi esses, ubi nec Pelopidarum—nosti cetera,
Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 2; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 11.—To examine, consider:II.ad res suas noscendas,
Liv. 10, 20:imaginem,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 29.—So esp., to take cognizance of as a judge:quae olim a praetoribus noscebantur,
Tac. A. 12, 60.—Transf., in the tempp. praes.A.In gen., to know, recognize (rare; perh. not in Cic.): hau nosco tuom, I know your ( character, etc.), i. e. I know you no longer, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 44:B.nosce imaginem,
id. Ps. 4, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19:potesne ex his ut proprium quid noscere?
Hor. S. 2, 7, 89; Tac. H. 1, 90.—In partic., to acknowledge, allow, admit of a reason or an excuse (in Cic.):III.numquam amatoris meretricem oportet causam noscere, Quin, etc.,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 18:illam partem excusationis... nec nosco, nec probo,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1; cf.:quod te excusas: ego vero et tuas causas nosco, et, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 7, 4:atque vereor, ne istam causam nemo noscat,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 11.—Transf. in tempp. perf.A. B.In mal. part., to know (in paronomasia), Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 51.—IV.(Eccl. Lat.) Of religious knowledge:A.non noverant Dominum,
Vulg. Judic. 2, 12; ib. 2 Thess. 1, 8:Jesum novi, Paulum scio,
I acknowledge, ib. Act. 19, 15.—Hence, nōtus, a, um, P. a., known.Lit.:(β).nisi rem tam notam esse omnibus et tam manifestam videres,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, 134:ejusmodi res ita notas, ita testatas, ita manifestas proferam,
id. ib. 2, 2, 34, §85: fingi haec putatis, quae patent, quae nota sunt omnibus, quae tenentur?
id. Mil. 28, 76:noti atque insignes latrones,
id. Phil. 11, 5, 10:habere omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,
id. Or. 33, 118:facere aliquid alicui notum,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:tua nobilitas hominibus litteratis est notior, populo obscurior,
id. Mur. 7, 16:nullus fuit civis Romanus paulo notior, quin, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 19:vita P. Sullae vobis populoque Romano notissima,
Cic. Sull. 26, 72:nulli nota domus sua,
Juv. 1, 7.—With gen. ( poet.):(γ).notus in fratres animi paterni,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 6: noti operum Telchines. Stat. Th. 2, 274:notusque fugarum, Vertit terga,
Sil. 17, 148.—With subj.-clause:(δ).notum est, cur, etc.,
Juv. 2, 58.—With inf. ( poet.):2.Delius, Trojanos notus semper minuisse labores,
Sil. 12, 331.—In partic.a.Subst.: nōti, acquaintances, friends:b.de dignitate M. Caelius notis ac majoribus natu... respondet,
Cic. Cael. 2, 3:hi suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Hor. S. 1, 1, 85; Verg. Cir. 259.—In a bad sense, notorious:B.notissimi latronum duces,
Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:integrae Temptator Orion Dianae,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 70; Ov. M. 1, 198:Clodia, mulier non solum nobilis sed etiam nota,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31; cf. id. Verr. 1, 6, 15:moechorum notissimus,
Juv. 6, 42.—Transf., act., knowing, that knows: novi, [p. 1217] notis praedicas, to those that know, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 39. -
15 noti
nosco, nōvi, nōtum, 3 (old form, GNOSCO, GNOVI, GNOTVM, acc. to Prisc. p. 569 P.; inf. pass. GNOSCIER, S. C. de Bacch.; cf. GNOTV, cognitu, Paul. ex Fest. p. 96 Müll.: GNOT (contr. for gnovit) oiden, epiginôskei; GNOTV, gnôsin, diagnôsin, Gloss. Labb.—Contr. forms in class. Lat. are nosti, noram, norim. nosse; nomus for novimus: nomus ambo Ulixem, Enn. ap. Diom. p. 382 P., or Trag. v. 199 Vahl.), v. a. [for gnosco, from the root gno; Gr. gignôskô, to begin to know], to get a knowledge of, become acquainted with, come to know a thing (syn.: scio, calleo).I.Lit.1. (α).Tempp. praes.:(β).cum igitur, nosce te, dicit, hoc dicit, nosce animum tuum,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 22, 52: Me. Sauream non novi. Li. At nosce sane, Plaut. As. 2, 4, 58; cf.: Ch. Nosce signum. Ni. Novi, id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19; id. Poen. 4, 2, 71:(Juppiter) nos per gentes alium alia disparat, Hominum qui facta, mores, pietatem et fidem noscamus,
id. Rud. prol. 12; id. Stich. 1, 1, 4:id esse verum, cuivis facile est noscere,
Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 8:ut noscere possis quidque,
Lucr. 1, 190; 2, 832; 3, 124; 418; 588; Cic. Rep. 1, 41, 64: deus ille, quem mente noscimus, id. N. D. 1, 14, 37.— Pass.:EAM (tabulam) FIGIER IOVBEATIS, VBEI FACILVMED GNOSCIER POTISIT, S. C. de Bacch.: forma in tenebris nosci non quita est, Ter Hec. 4, 1, 57 sq.: omnes philosophiae partes tum facile noscuntur, cum, etc.,
Cic. N. D. 1, 4, 9: philosophiae praecepta noscenda, id. Fragm. ap. Lact. 3, 14:nullique videnda, Voce tamen noscar,
Ov. M. 14, 153:nec noscitur ulli,
by any one, id. Tr. 1, 5, 29:noscere provinciam, nosci exercitui,
by the army, Tac. Agr. 5.—Temppperf., to have become acquainted with, to have learned, to know:2.si me novisti minus,
Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 47:Cylindrus ego sum, non nosti nomen meum?
id. Men. 2, 2, 20:novi rem omnem,
Ter. And. 4, 4, 50:qui non leges, non instituta... non jura noritis,
Cic. Pis. 13, 30:plerique neque in rebus humanis quidquam bonum norunt, nisi, etc.,
id. Lael. 21, 79:quam (virtutem) tu ne de facie quidem nosti,
id. Pis. 32, 81; id. Fin. 2, 22, 71:si ego hos bene novi,
if I know them well, id. Rosc. Am. 20 fin.: si Caesarem bene novi, Balb. ap. Cic. Att. 9, 7, B, 2:Lepidum pulchre noram,
Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 1:si tuos digitos novi,
id. Att. 5, 21, 13:res gestas de libris novisse,
to have learned from books, Lact. 5, 19, 15:nosse Graece, etc. (late Lat. for scire),
Aug. Serm. 45, 5; 167, 40 al.:ut ibi esses, ubi nec Pelopidarum—nosti cetera,
Cic. Fam. 7, 28, 2; Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 11.—To examine, consider:II.ad res suas noscendas,
Liv. 10, 20:imaginem,
Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 29.—So esp., to take cognizance of as a judge:quae olim a praetoribus noscebantur,
Tac. A. 12, 60.—Transf., in the tempp. praes.A.In gen., to know, recognize (rare; perh. not in Cic.): hau nosco tuom, I know your ( character, etc.), i. e. I know you no longer, Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 44:B.nosce imaginem,
id. Ps. 4, 2, 29; id. Bacch. 4, 6, 19:potesne ex his ut proprium quid noscere?
Hor. S. 2, 7, 89; Tac. H. 1, 90.—In partic., to acknowledge, allow, admit of a reason or an excuse (in Cic.):III.numquam amatoris meretricem oportet causam noscere, Quin, etc.,
Plaut. Truc. 2, 1, 18:illam partem excusationis... nec nosco, nec probo,
Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 1; cf.:quod te excusas: ego vero et tuas causas nosco, et, etc.,
id. Att. 11, 7, 4:atque vereor, ne istam causam nemo noscat,
id. Leg. 1, 4, 11.—Transf. in tempp. perf.A. B.In mal. part., to know (in paronomasia), Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 13; id. Pers. 1, 3, 51.—IV.(Eccl. Lat.) Of religious knowledge:A.non noverant Dominum,
Vulg. Judic. 2, 12; ib. 2 Thess. 1, 8:Jesum novi, Paulum scio,
I acknowledge, ib. Act. 19, 15.—Hence, nōtus, a, um, P. a., known.Lit.:(β).nisi rem tam notam esse omnibus et tam manifestam videres,
Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 58, 134:ejusmodi res ita notas, ita testatas, ita manifestas proferam,
id. ib. 2, 2, 34, §85: fingi haec putatis, quae patent, quae nota sunt omnibus, quae tenentur?
id. Mil. 28, 76:noti atque insignes latrones,
id. Phil. 11, 5, 10:habere omnes philosophiae notos et tractatos locos,
id. Or. 33, 118:facere aliquid alicui notum,
id. Fam. 5, 12, 7:tua nobilitas hominibus litteratis est notior, populo obscurior,
id. Mur. 7, 16:nullus fuit civis Romanus paulo notior, quin, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 2, 19:vita P. Sullae vobis populoque Romano notissima,
Cic. Sull. 26, 72:nulli nota domus sua,
Juv. 1, 7.—With gen. ( poet.):(γ).notus in fratres animi paterni,
Hor. C. 2, 2, 6: noti operum Telchines. Stat. Th. 2, 274:notusque fugarum, Vertit terga,
Sil. 17, 148.—With subj.-clause:(δ).notum est, cur, etc.,
Juv. 2, 58.—With inf. ( poet.):2.Delius, Trojanos notus semper minuisse labores,
Sil. 12, 331.—In partic.a.Subst.: nōti, acquaintances, friends:b.de dignitate M. Caelius notis ac majoribus natu... respondet,
Cic. Cael. 2, 3:hi suos notos hospitesque quaerebant,
Caes. B. C. 1, 74, 5; Hor. S. 1, 1, 85; Verg. Cir. 259.—In a bad sense, notorious:B.notissimi latronum duces,
Cic. Fam. 10, 14, 1:integrae Temptator Orion Dianae,
Hor. C. 3, 4, 70; Ov. M. 1, 198:Clodia, mulier non solum nobilis sed etiam nota,
Cic. Cael. 13, 31; cf. id. Verr. 1, 6, 15:moechorum notissimus,
Juv. 6, 42.—Transf., act., knowing, that knows: novi, [p. 1217] notis praedicas, to those that know, Plaut. Ps. 4, 2, 39. -
16 адвокат
1. man of lawзаконник; адвокат; юрист — a man of law
юрист, правовед, правовик; адвокат — man of law
2. attorneyадвокат, ведущий патентные дела — patent attorney
атторней защиты; адвокат, защитник — defence attorney
3. attorney at law4. attorney-at-law5. atty6. barristerадвокат, начавший практику — full-fledged barrister
7. councel8. pleaderадвокат, возглавляющий защиту — leader for the defence
9. solicitor10. lawyer; attorney; attorney at law; barrister; solicitorблестящий юрист; красноречивый адвокат — Philadelphia lawyer
адвокат, берущийся за сомнительные дела — jackleg lawyer
видный адвокат, опытный адвокат — high-powered lawyer
11. advocate12. counselзамечания адвоката, защитника по делу — remarks by counsel
частный адвокат; адвокат по соглашению — private counsel
13. counsellor14. counselorотказаться от адвоката, защитника — to waive a counsel
адвокат обвинения, обвинитель — prosecuting counsel
Синонимический ряд:заступник (сущ.) заступник; защитник -
17 Claudet, Antoine François Jean
SUBJECT AREA: Photography, film and optics[br]b. 12 August 1797 Franced. 27 December 1867 London, England[br]French pioneer photographer and photographic inventor in England.[br]He began his working life in banking but soon went into glassmaking and in 1829 he moved to London to open a glass warehouse. On hearing of the first practicable photographic processes in 1834, Claudet visited Paris, where he received instruction in the daguerreotype process from the inventor Daguerre, and purchased a licence to operate in England. On returning to London he began to sell daguerreotype views of Paris and Rome, but was soon taking and selling his own views of London. At this time exposures could take as long as thirty minutes and portraiture from life was impracticable. Claudet was fascinated by the possibilities of the daguerreotype and embarked on experiments to improve the process. In 1841 he published details of an accelerated process and took out a patent proposing the use of flat painted backgrounds and a red light in dark-rooms. In June of that year Claudet opened the second daguerreotype portrait studio in London, just three months after his rival, Richard Beard. He took stereoscopic photographs for Wheatstone as early as 1842, although it was not until the 1850s that stereoscopy became a major interest. He suggested and patented several improvements to viewers derived from Brewster's pattern.Claudet was also one of the first photographers to practise professionally Talbot's calotype process. He became a personal friend of Talbot, one of the few from whom the inventor was prepared to accept advice. Claudet died suddenly in London following an accident that occurred when he was alighting from an omnibus. A memoir produced shortly after his death lists over forty scientific papers relating to his researches into photography.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFRS 1853.Further Reading"The late M.Claudet", 1868, Photographic News 12:3 (obituary)."A.Claudet, FRS, a memoir", 1968, (reprinted from The Scientific Review), London: British Association (a fulsome but valuable Victorian view of Claudet).H.Gernsheim and A.Gernsheim, 1969, The History of Photography, rev. edn, London (a comprehensive account of Claudet's daguerreotype work).H.J.P.Arnold, 1977, William Henry Fox Talbot, London (provides details of Claudet's relationship with Talbot).JWBiographical history of technology > Claudet, Antoine François Jean
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18 Klic, Karol (Klietsch, Karl)
[br]b. 31 May 1841 Arnau, Bohemia (now Czech Republic)d. 16 November 1826 Vienna, Austria[br]Czech inventor of photogravure and rotogravure.[br]Klic, sometimes known by the germanized form of his name Karl Klietsch, gained a knowledge of chemistry from his chemist father. However, he inclined towards the arts, preferring to mix paints rather than chemicals, and he trained in art at the Academy of Painting in Prague. His father thought to combine the chemical with the artistic by setting up his son in a photographic studio in Brno, but the arts won and in 1867 Klic moved to Vienna to practise as an illustrator and caricaturist. He also acquired skill as an etcher, and this led him to print works of art reproduced by photography by means of an intaglio process. He perfected the process c.1878 and, through it, Vienna became for a while the world centre for high-quality art reproductions. The prints were made by hand from flat plates, but Klic then proposed that the images should be etched onto power-driven cylinders. He found little support for rotary gravure, or rotogravure, on the European continent, but learning that Storey Brothers, textile printers of Lancaster, England, were working in a similar direction, he went there in 1890 to perfect his idea. Rotogravure printing on textiles began in 1893. They then turned to printing art reproductions on paper by rotogravure and in 1895 formed the Rembrandt Intaglio Printing Company. Their photogra-vures attracted worldwide attention when they appeared in the Magazine of Art. Klic saw photogravure as a small-scale medium for the art lover and not for mass-circulation publications, so he did not patent his invention and thought to control it by secrecy. That had the usual result, however, and knowledge of the process leaked out from Storey's, spreading to other countries in Europe and, from 1903, to the USA. Klic lived on in a modest way in Vienna, his later years troubled by failing sight. He hardly earned the credit for the invention, let alone the fortune reaped by others who used, and still use, photogravure for printing long runs of copy such as newspaper colour supplements.[br]Further ReadingObituary, 1927, Inland Printer (January): 614.Karol Klic. vynálezu hlubotisku, 1957, Prague (the only full-length biography; in Czech, with an introduction in English, French and German).S.H.Horgan, 1925, "The invention of photogravure", Inland Printer (April): 64 (contains brief details of his life and works).G.Wakeman, 1973, Victorian Book Illustration, Newton Abbot: David \& Charles, pp. 126–8.LRDBiographical history of technology > Klic, Karol (Klietsch, Karl)
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19 Sorocold, George
SUBJECT AREA: Public utilities[br]b. probably Ashton-in-Makerfield, England fl. c. 1685–1715[br]English civil engineer who set up numerous water-driven pumping plants.[br]He began to practise in Derbyshire and South Yorkshire and later moved to London, where his most important work was carried out. Little is known of his birth or, indeed, of the date of his death, although it is thought that he may have been born in Ashton-in- Makerfield.His first known work was a water-driven pumping plant in Derby erected in 1693 to supply water to houses and to points in the town through pipes from the pumps by the river Derwent. These water-driven pumping plants and the delivery of water to various towns were the result of entrepreneurial development by groups of "adventurers". Sorocold went on to set up many more pumping plants, including those at Leeds Bridge (1694–5), Macclesfield, Wirksworth, Yarmouth, Portsmouth, Norwich and King's Lynn.His best-known work was the installation of a pumping plant at the north end of London Bridge to replace a sixteenth-century plant. This consisted of four water-wheels placed between the starlings of the bridge. As the bridge is situated on the tidal Thames, the water-wheels were contrived so that their shafts could be raised or lowered to meet the state of the tidal flow. Whilst the waterworks designed by Sorocold are well known, it is clear that he had come to be regarded as a consulting engineer. One scheme that was carried through was the creation of a navigation between the river Trent and Derby on the line of the river Derwent. He appeared as a witness for the Derwent Navigation Act in 1703. He also held a patent for "A new machine for cutting and sawing all sorts of boards, timber and stone, and twisting all kinds of ropes, cords and cables by the strength of horses of water": this illustrates that his knowledge of power sources was predominant in his practice.[br]Further ReadingR.Jenkins, 1936, "George Sorocold. A chapter in the history of public water supply", The Collected Papers of Rhys Jenkins, Newcomen Society.H.Beighton, 1731, article in The Philosophical Transactions (provides details of the London Bridge Waterworks).KM
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